Iimpawu, ukusetyenziswa kunye nophuhliso lwe-carbon fiber

Iimpawu, ukusetyenziswa kunye nophuhliso lwe-carbon fiber

1.Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-carbon fiber

 Izinto ze-carbon fiber zimnyama, zilukhuni, zinamandla amakhulu, ubunzima obulula kunye nezinye izinto ezintsha ezineempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini.Ubunzima bayo obuthile bungaphantsi kwe-1/4 yentsimbi.Amandla obunzima bezinto ezihlanganisiweyo ze-carbon fiber resin zihlala zingaphezulu kwe-35000MPa, amaxesha angama-7.9 entsimbi.Imodyuli yokuqina ye-elasticity iphakathi kwe-230000MPa kunye ne-430000MPa.Ngoko ke, amandla athile e-CFRP, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wamandla ezinto eziphathekayo kubuninzi bayo, ungaphezulu kwe-20000MPa / (g / cm3), kodwa amandla athile ensimbi ye-A3 yi-590MPa / (g / cm3) imodyuli elastiki nayo iphezulu kuneyentsimbi.Ukuphakama kwamandla athile ezinto eziphathekayo, ubunzima obuncinci benxalenye, iphezulu imodyuli ye-elastic ecacileyo, ubukhulu becala.Ngaloo ndlela, ithemba lesicelo esibanzi se-carbon fiber kubunjineli kuyaboniswa.Ukujonga iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zezinto ezininzi ezivelayo ezidibeneyo, ezifana Iipolymer ezidibeneyo zeglasi zefiber imathiriyeli, izinto ezixutywe ngetsimbi, kunye nezixhobo ze-ceramic-based composite, ezininzi iingcali ziqikelela ukuba izinto ezidibeneyo ziya kungena kwixesha lokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezixhaphakileyo ukusuka kwiminyaka yensimbi.

I-PAN ifayibha yekhabhoni kunye nefiberglass izinto ezihlanganisiweyo:

(1) Iimpawu zeMechanical, ubuninzi obuphantsi kunentsimbi, ubunzima obulula;imodyuli ephezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukomelela okuphezulu, ukomelela okuphezulu kokudinwa, ukumelana nokunxiba okugqwesileyo kunye nokuthambisa;ukuthomalalisa ukungcangcazela okugqwesileyo;

2ukumelana nobushushu obugqwesileyo kwigesi engasebenziyo;

(3) yeyezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba ezinombane kunye neempawu zokukhusela amaza ombane, kunye nokuqhutywa kombane kunye neempawu zokukhusela amaza ombane.(4) Igqwesileyo kwiX-reyi, kwaye isakhiwo esifanelekileyo sinokuyilwa ngokwenjongo.

Ngo-2007, eyona nto iphambili yaseJapanUmthengisi we-carbon fiberI-Toray Co., Ltd. isebenzisana ne-Nissan Motor kunye nezinye iinkampani ukuphuhlisa izinto ezinqamlekileyo zisebenzisa i-carbon fiber, enokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima beendawo eziphambili zemoto, ezifana ne-chassis.Ubuchwephesha obutsha bunciphisa ubunzima obupheleleyo bemoto nge-10% kwaye iphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha nge-4% ukuya kwi-5%.Ukongezelela, ukuchasana kwempembelelo yi-1.5 amaxesha aqhelekileyo.Abavelisi baceba ukuzisa itekhnoloji entsha kwiimoto zorhwebo kwiminyaka emithathu.Itekhnoloji entsha ithembisa ukukhawulezisa ukutshintshelwa kwezixhobo zentsimbi eziziimoto ezisetyenziswa ngasemva ngokuchasene nesiseko semithetho engqongqo yebhili yepetroli ukunciphisa iigesi zegreenhouse kwihlabathi jikelele.

2.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbon fiber

  I-carbon fiber ligama eliqhelekileyo leentsinga ezinomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-90%, kwaye ibizwa ngokuba nomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni.Ifayibha yekhabhoni ineepropati ezahlukeneyo ezibalaseleyo ze-elemental carbon, ezifana nomxhuzulane okhethekileyo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal, ukuxhathisa imichiza kunye nokuqhuba, njl.Ngokukodwa, amandla ayo athile kunye ne-elastic modulus ethile iphezulu, kwaye inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-2000 phantsi kweemeko zokuhlukanisa i-oxygen.Yimathiriyeli ekrwada yefiberglass yeshishinikwaye ifanelekile ukuqinisa izinto ezidibeneyo, izinto zokukhupha, kunye nezixhobo zokugquma ubushushu.Le yimathiriyeli entsha eyaphuhliswa ekuqaleni koo-1960 kwaye ngoku iye yaba yinto entsha eyimfuneko kuluntu lwanamhlanje.

Phakathi kweemveliso zokuzonwabisa, isicelo sokuqala se-PAN carbon fiber yintonga yokuloba.Okwangoku, imveliso yonyaka ye-carbon fiber fishing rods imalunga ne-12 yezigidi, kwaye isixa se-carbon fiber esetyenzisiweyo malunga neetoni ze-1,200.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kwiiklabhu zegalufa kwaqala ngo-1972. Okwangoku, imveliso yonyaka ye-fibra de carbon.iiklabhu zegalufa ehlabathini zimalunga nezigidi ezingama-40 zeebhotile, kwaye ubungakanani bekhabhoni fiber bulingana neetoni ezingama-2,000.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-rackets ye-tennis yaqala ngo-1974. Ngoku, ihlabathi livelise malunga ne-4.5 yezigidi ze-carbon fiber rackets kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kufuna malunga neetoni ezingama-500.Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-carbon fiber ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-skis, iinqanawa zekhephu, i-ski sticks, i-baseball bats, imidlalo yendlela kunye nemidlalo yaselwandle.

Ukuqaphela ukukhanya, ukumelana nokukhathala, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-carbon fiber, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini le-aerospace.Kwintsimi yendiza ye-space, i-high-modulus carbon fibers isetyenziswe kwiisathelayithi ezenziweyo ngenxa yobunzima bokukhanya (i-rigidity) kunye ne-thermal conductivity of stability dimensional stability.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ziye zasetyenziswa kwiisathelayithi zonxibelelwano ezifana ne-iridium.

Ikhompawundi yokubumba ixutywe kakhulu kwi-resin thermoplastic ngendlelaiglasi ifayibha imisonto zinqunyulwe, enefuthe lokomeleza, i-anti-static kunye ne-electromagnetic wave shielding, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zasekhaya, izixhobo zeofisi, i-semiconductors kunye nemimandla ehambelana nayo.

3.Imeko yokuveliswa kweemveliso ze-carbon fiber kwilizwe lam

  Ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kwilizwe lam kusekwinqanaba lokuqala.Umthamo wemveliso ye-carbon fiber yasekhaya ibalelwa kuphela malunga ne-0.4% yemveliso epheleleyo yeIlaphu le-carbon fiber ephezulu yokusebenzaehlabathini, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-90% yokusetyenziswa kwasekhaya kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezivela kumazwe angaphandle.Umgangatho we-PAN precursor ubusoloko ungoyena mqobo uthintela ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-carbon fiber kwilizwe lam.Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba i-carbon fiber kudala ithathwa njengesixhobo sobuchule, amazwe aphuhlileyo avaliwe kumazwe angaphandle.Ke ngoko, iingcali zeshishini zikholelwa ukuba ukomeleza uphando olusisiseko sisiseko sobuchule obutsha kunye nendlela esisiseko yokuphuhlisa ishishini lasekhaya le-carbon fiber.

Ilizwe lam laqala ukufunda i-carbon fiber ukusuka ngo-1960 ukuya koo-1970, phantse ukuhambelana nehlabathi.Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-30 yomsebenzi onzima, iNkampani yaseJapan yaseToray iphuhlise iimveliso ze-carbon fiber kufuphi nenqanaba le-T300, kodwa imveliso kunye nomgangatho awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yasekhaya, ekude kumazwe angaphandle.Xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, iingxaki ezibalaseleyo zefayibha yekhabhoni yasekhaya ziphantsi amandla ekhabhoni ifayibha, ukufana okulambathayo kunye nokuzinza, kwaye inqanaba lophuhliso liphantse libe ngama-20 ukuya kuma-30 eminyaka emva kwelo lamazwe aphambili, kwaye isikali semveliso sincinci, izixhobo zobugcisa. isemva, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphantsi.

Okwangoku, umthamo wehlabathi we-fibra de carbon pret umalunga neetoni ezingama-35,000, kwaye imfuno yonyaka kwimarike yaseTshayina imalunga neetoni ezingama-6,500.Ingumthengi omkhulu we-carbon fiber.Nangona kunjalo, imveliso ye-carbon fiber yase-China ngo-2007 yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-200 kuphela, kwaye ubukhulu becala iimveliso ezisebenza kancinci.Uninzi lweshishini lixhomekeke ekuthengeni ngaphandle, kwaye ixabiso libiza kakhulu.Umzekelo, imakethi ye-T300 esemgangathweni ayinayo inkxaso yobugcisa enamalungelo azimeleyo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, kwaye amashishini asekhaya akakayifumani ngokupheleleyo itekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber core.Umgangatho, itekhnoloji kunye nesikali semveliso ye-carbon fiber kwilizwe lam yahluke kakhulu kwezo zamazwe angaphandle.Phakathi kwazo, itekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber ephezulu yokusebenza ilawulwa kwaye ivalwe yiJapan kunye namazwe aseNtshona.Ngoko ke, kuthatha inkqubo ende ukuqonda indawo ye-carbon fiber.Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemarike, kukho "i-carbon fiber fever" e-China kwiminyaka yamuva nje, kwaye amaninzi amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi kunye namashishini aqalise uphando lwe-carbon fiber kunye neeprojekthi ze-industry-industry.

#Izinto ze-carbon fiber#Iipolymer ezidibeneyo zeglasi zefiber imathiriyeli#Umthengisi we-carbon fiber#iglasi ifayibha imisonto zinqunyulwe#Ilaphu le-carbon fiber ephezulu yokusebenza